Sources

Key references for the African and Igbo experience in Europe.

Colonial History and Its Legacy

• Frantz Fanon — Black Skin, White Masks (1952). The foundational text of the psychology of colonized peoples in Europe.
• Frantz Fanon — The Wretched of the Earth (1961). Anti-colonial theory. Free: archive.org
• Adam Hochschild — King Leopold's Ghost (1998). Belgium and the Congo — the worst of European colonialism.

African Migration to Europe

• Hein de Haas — research on African migration patterns; University of Amsterdam. Papers available at heindehaas.org
• UNHCR — unhcr.org — statistics and reports on Mediterranean migration and asylum
• IOM (International Organization for Migration) — iom.int — data on migration flows and deaths

Nigerian Trafficking in Italy

• Giovanna Cavatorta — various reports on Nigerian trafficking networks in Italy
• Save the Children Italy — annual reports on unaccompanied Nigerian minors

Race in Europe

• Grada Kilomba — Plantation Memories (2008). German-Portuguese scholar on racism in Germany and Europe.
• Achille Mbembe — Critique of Black Reason (2017). Cameroonian philosopher on race in global context.